A senior judicial review has called for sweeping reforms to the criminal courts in England and Wales, warning that the justice system is struggling under record delays and growing backlogs.
The report, entitled Independent Review of the Criminal Courts: Part 1, was led by former senior judge Sir Brian Leveson, says urgent action is required to restore confidence in the courts and prevent further harm to victims, witnesses and defendants.
Criminal court backlogs remain severe
The review highlights that the criminal courts are dealing with around 80,000 outstanding cases, with many trials delayed for years. The report describes the position as unsustainable, pointing to the pressure placed on court staff, legal professionals and the prison estate.
Long delays also increase the risk of cases collapsing due to witness drop-off, evidential difficulties and declining public confidence in the justice system.
Greater use of technology and remote hearings
A central theme of the report is the expanded use of technology to improve efficiency. Recommendations include wider use of video hearings, particularly for early procedural stages, and the introduction of artificial intelligence tools to support case management and scheduling.
The review suggests that moving more administrative hearings online could free up courtrooms and judicial time for complex trials that require in-person hearings.
Practical changes to speed up custody cases
Alongside digital reform, the report proposes practical operational measures aimed at reducing avoidable delays. One suggestion is allowing prison escort vehicles to use bus lanes, reducing the impact of traffic congestion on court timetables.
The review argues that relatively modest logistical changes could have a meaningful effect on the day-to-day functioning of the courts.
Concerns about fairness and access to justice
Some legal professionals have raised concerns about the increased use of remote hearings, particularly in serious criminal cases. Critics argue that assessing credibility, vulnerability and effective participation can be more difficult outside a physical courtroom.
There are also warnings that heavier reliance on digital systems could disadvantage defendants who lack reliable access to technology or suitable private spaces to engage properly in proceedings.
What this could mean for court users
If adopted, the proposals would represent one of the most significant shifts in how criminal courts operate in decades. While the aim is to reduce delays and improve efficiency, the challenge will be balancing speed with fairness, transparency and public confidence in the justice system.
Author
Gill Laing is a qualified Legal Researcher & Analyst with niche specialisms in Law, Tax, Human Resources, Immigration & Employment Law.
Gill is a Multiple Business Owner and the Managing Director of Prof Services - a Marketing Agency for the Professional Services Sector.
